Titanium slag furnace for Ferroalloy refining equipment

Main technical parameters and energy consumption description of the equipment
1. Equipment scheme:
·Loading and feeding methods: automatic feeding, centralized feeding;
·Smelting operation mode: continuous smelting, timed discharge.
·Electric arc working system: arc melting.
·Discharge method: self-propelled trolley type;
·Casting method: titanium slag tank/cast iron machine;
·Dust removal method: Semi closed low hood, low-pressure pulse bag dust removal method.

1, The process characteristics of titanium slag smelting:
Titanium slag is a high melting point smelting product. The molten titanium slag has strong corrosiveness, high conductivity, and the characteristic of its viscosity increasing dramatically near the melting point temperature. Moreover, these properties undergo drastic changes with the composition during the smelting process.
The overall structure of the titanium slag smelting furnace adopts a semi sealed (upgradable to fully sealed structure) scheme. It is a special furnace type between electric arc furnace and submerged arc furnace. When designing a titanium slag electric furnace, the characteristics of the process of melting titanium slag should be considered first:
1. The power per unit area of the polar circle is larger than that of the ore blast furnace, with concentrated heat, which can meet the requirements for melting high titanium slag;
2. The unit area power of the furnace should be selected to be smaller in order to form a stable protective layer of titanium slag around the molten pool;
3. There is a gas chamber area of appropriate height above the furnace to prevent the molten liquid from completely escaping from the furnace during slag boiling;
4. The electrode lifting speed should be fast to meet the requirement of quickly lifting and lowering the electrode when titanium slag boils.
5. The soft melting crust of the furnace material prevents the material from automatically decreasing with the generation of slag and iron, often requiring manual tamping to continue feeding. The treatment of collapsed material and slag spraying is relatively difficult.
From the perspective of arc working system, titanium slag electric furnace is between steelmaking electric furnace and ferroalloy and calcium carbide submerged arc electric furnace, and is closer to the former, but also similar to the latter in terms of ore reduction

2, Process flow of titanium slag smelting
The selection of the process flow for melting titanium slag is determined by factors such as raw material conditions and taste, equipment condition, technical level, product use, and economic factors.
1. Titanium concentrate and anthracite are manually and reasonably proportioned before being sent to an electric furnace for smelting.
After the smelting is completed, qualified titanium slag and molten iron are discharged from the electric furnace, and the titanium slag and molten iron are injected into the slag tank and molten iron ladle respectively.
3. Titanium slag is processed through water cooling or natural cooling, crushing, magnetic separation, and ball milling to become qualified titanium slag products, which are then sent to the finished titanium slag storage bin.
4. The molten iron is desulfurized to produce pig iron for sale.
5. The flue gas from the electric furnace is treated by a dust collector and discharged to meet the national emission standards.

3, The workflow of titanium slag smelting furnace
1. Feeding:
Feeding method: One time feeding is compatible with continuous feeding, and a ramming machine is set up.
Number of feeding ports: seven. Among them, there is one central feeding port, and the feeding amount accounts for 50% of the mixture.
Feeding process: Adopting the arc melting method of one-time feeding (or continuous feeding in the later stage). The titanium concentrate and reducing agent, which have been pre oxidized and roasted, are mixed evenly with the furnace material through an electronic scale. The raw material is transported by a conveyor from the raw material warehouse to the two large material warehouses at the rear of the electric furnace melting workshop, and then transported by a bucket belt conveyor to the top material warehouse of the electric furnace for storage. After the slag and iron melted in the previous cycle are released, they are transported by a belt conveyor to seven discharge pipes and added to the furnace.
2. Smelting:
The automatic control electrode lifting device is more likely to play its characteristics in titanium slag smelting furnaces.
3. Out of the furnace:
Use an eye opening machine to open and mix out slag and iron.

4, The equipment features of our company's titanium slag smelting furnace are:
The electrode lifting system adopts full hydraulic control (or variable frequency water-cooled motor type) and uses world leading Parker proportional valve technology to meet all the requirements for electrode lifting, fully meeting the requirements for rapid lifting and lowering of electrodes when titanium slag boils.
The automatic control system for electrode lifting is advanced, with complete control software functions that can adjust the arc current size and reasonable electrode lifting speed in a timely manner according to the actual working conditions of the titanium slag furnace. Fully meet the different smelting characteristics of the initial, middle, and later stages of titanium slag smelting process, and achieve independent or linked automatic/manual control of electrode lifting operation for three-phase electrodes.
3. Advanced distributed control system, the entire titanium slag furnace is controlled by PLC and equipped with human-machine interface monitoring display,.
Furnace type selection: Adopting the intermittent melting process of semi closed low hood electric furnace powder or lump material feeding into the furnace, it can carry out operations such as ramming, auxiliary feeding, and adjusting the material surface, while also recovering waste heat and treating flue gas.
Therefore, the low hood semi closed electric furnace is more suitable for the smelting of high-grade titanium slag.
4. Hybrid sealed water-cooled furnace cover: composed of a fully water-cooled metal frame and a plate trapezoidal water-cooled furnace cover, with refractory material lining inside, it can achieve the transformation from a semi closed furnace cover to a fully closed smelting. The sealed structure of the mineral thermal electric furnace is used for purifying and recovering coal gas. The electrode holes and feeding holes on the furnace cover are filled with materials and sealed with water cooling devices.
5. Setting of the ramming machine: The process of melting titanium slag is an intermittent operation, and the operation of each furnace mainly includes steps such as feeding, electrode placement, smelting, and discharging;
According to the characteristics of titanium slag smelting, it is necessary to use a ramming machine for material accumulation and crust formation in the furnace.
6. Energy saving short network: composed of water-cooled compensator, water-cooled copper tube and water-cooled cable, adopting a new energy-saving short network structure with double wiring and outer triangle layout. The natural power factor is high.
7. Graphite electrode selection: The electrode allows for a high current density to pass through, ensuring a reasonable power supply system, which is beneficial for shortening melting time and reducing power consumption.
8. Electrode copper tile: Each phase electrode is tightly held with four copper tiles, which work reliably, are not prone to arcing, and have a long service life.
9. Implement automatic electrode pressing and pulling: The electrode holding brake adopts double hydraulic disc spring holding brake technology from a large ferroalloy smelting furnace. When the electrode is clamped, the disc spring automatically presses and holds the electrode, which has a long service life, simple operation, and reliable performance far superior to single holding brake devices. The pressure ring is used for clamping, and the conductive plate is clamped and released by a hydraulic cylinder. The upper and lower brake and pressure release cylinder can be used for manual and automatic fixed length pressure release.
10. Electric furnace transformer: It adopts a low loss energy-saving transformer with side outgoing lines, which can be overloaded by 30%. It has on load electric voltage regulation, strong oil-water cooling, and is equipped with complete oil temperature and gas protection devices.
11. High voltage electrical appliances: The control adopts a vacuum switch cabinet, which has complete detection, measurement, and relay protection for voltage, current, power, and electricity. Zinc oxide lightning arresters are installed to absorb operating overvoltage.